Pvafarm - 11/20/2023 06:20 So much "I thinks" going on in this conversation however you have to consider what one is talking about. Nutrient removal of a grain crop is pretty miniscule in the big picture. If you start with decent fertility or deep soils you can literally go years without adding P and K and see no noticeable issues with yield and just run on N and S. This is one reason the soil health guys are so vocal about "golly gee look my soils supply all my P and K and I haven't added anything for 5 years". If you are removing grain you will pay for it sometime down the road. Now up here in the land of glacial till soils that are NOT well supplied with nutrients and a foot of darker soil is great before subsoil of some sort is below we need removal rates applied. If you don't "believe" that run forages for 5 years. Alfalfa or especially corn silage. You're removing roughly 4-5X the K as a grain crop and significantly more P. Do people understand the nutrient buffer capacity of soil, too? I can tell on a 3 year soil sampling schedule who's skipping nutrient apps and who follows my recs (and UW recs). Been looking at this for over 30 years. Want to see what an alternative fertilizer program does that provides half the nutrients at 2.5X the cost? I have that data too. Just "believe" brother. Here"s the top 2' from taking nitrate tests on my best 220-250 bpa corn ground last week.